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Bioactive Flavonoids from Paulownia tomentosa Flowers: Extraction Optimization and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Kinetics

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Publicado en:Foods vol. 14, no. 22 (2025), p. 3941-3961
Autor principal: Fu, Jiang
Otros Autores: Yang, Haibo, Zhai Xiaoqiao, Zhao, Zhenli, Fan Guoqiang
Publicado:
MDPI AG
Materias:
Shanghai China
China
Mass spectrometry
Nitrates
Flavonoids
Liquid chromatography
Design of experiments
Scanning electron microscopy
Resins
Glucosidase
Cell walls
Ammonium sulfate
Ultrasonic processing
Optimization
Adsorption
Aluminum
Cellulase
Kinases
Caustic soda
Flowers
Efficiency
Ethanol
Sodium
Hydrochloric acid
Ultrasound
Mass spectroscopy
Enzymes
α-Glucosidase
Ultrasonic imaging
Paulownia tomentosa
Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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Resumen:Paulownia tomentosa flowers are rich in flavonoids with promising biological activities. However, few studies have investigated their potential for α-glucosidase inhibition. This study compared ultrasound-assisted cellulase extraction and ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction for the recovery of flavonoids from Paulownia tomentosa flowers. The aqueous two-phase extraction method demonstrated superior performance, with optimal conditions determined as 17.80% (NH4)2SO4, 12 min ultrasonication, and 44 °C. Purification was efficiently achieved using NKA-9 macroporous resin. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that ultrasonic treatment disrupted the cell walls, facilitating flavonoid release. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry identified apigenin-7-glucuronide and scutellarin as the predominant flavonoids. Notably, several compounds—including scutellarin, ombuin, robinetin, and astragalin—were reported for the first time in this plant. The extracted flavonoids exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 0.412 mg/mL, and showed mixed-competitive inhibition. Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide was identified as a major active constituent, exhibiting stronger inhibition than the total flavonoids while sharing the same mechanism. These findings establish a theoretical foundation for the efficient and sustainable extraction of P. tomentosa flavonoids and support their further development for pharmaceutical applications.
ISSN:2304-8158
DOI:10.3390/foods14223941
Fuente:Agriculture Science Database